Anal Intraepithelial Neoplasia

Wolfgang B. Gaertner, Mukta K. Krane
Anal Intraepithelial Neoplasia is a topic covered in the ASCRS Textbook of Colon and Rectal Surgery.

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Key Concepts

  • Anal intraepithelial neoplasia is a dysplastic condition and is considered to be a premalignant stage of anal cancer.
  • Its histologic and cellular findings mirror cervical dysplasia.
  • Anal cytology is a useful tool to identify anal neoplasia in high-risk groups.
  • When anal cytology is concerning, high-resolution anoscopy with targeted ablation of dysplasia is indicated.
  • Treatment should be individualized according to the degree of dysplasia, risk factors, immune status, symptoms, and the likelihood of progression.

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Key Concepts

  • Anal intraepithelial neoplasia is a dysplastic condition and is considered to be a premalignant stage of anal cancer.
  • Its histologic and cellular findings mirror cervical dysplasia.
  • Anal cytology is a useful tool to identify anal neoplasia in high-risk groups.
  • When anal cytology is concerning, high-resolution anoscopy with targeted ablation of dysplasia is indicated.
  • Treatment should be individualized according to the degree of dysplasia, risk factors, immune status, symptoms, and the likelihood of progression.

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Last updated: January 26, 2022